What they should have done was shot 5 - 5 shot groups of each load at each length and averaged the group sizes.
For example 22.8 H4198
18" 3047 - 0.639
17" 3007 - 0.399
16" 2973 - 0.884
15" 2914 - 0.233
The 16" barrel would probably have averaged somewhere between the 15 and 17" tests and rightly so. But based on 1 5 shot group it grew by more than double the previous load and then shrunk by almost 3x.
Just like load testing your group will generally shrink and grow as powder levels go up.
Interesting test though.