One of the older .38 cartridges, appeared in the late 1800s. Shorter and slightly fatter than the .38 Special.
I, too, have shortened .38Sp. cases, and yes, they do expand on initial firing. The pressures are rather low, so I don't think that this is the issue that it would be with a higher pressure cartridge.
Never tried the 9mm case idea, sounds workable. Ganderite in no way suggested it, but it would be a really, really bad idea to try to fire standard 9mm rounds in a .38S&W revolver, though. Particularly in one of the old topbreaks.
Best to just get some .38S&W ammunition or cases.