Bulgarian Mannlicher M90 rifle

Eaglelord17

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Hi all,

Well there hasn't been too much exciting stuff posted on the milsurps side of the forum for a bit so here is my M90 Mannlicher for some entertainment.

I am calling it a M90 not a 88/90 for the simple reason it isn't a converted M1888 rifle. This isn't to be confused with the M90 Mannlicher Carbines which spawned the M95 rifles. A brief history on these rifles is they were adopted in 1888 being a development of the 1886 action except now in the early 8x50r caliber. In 1890 advances in the cartridge resulted in a calibration change for the rifles which they screwed on new sight setting on the side of the sight. Rifles made after 1890 like mine were just made with the updated sight settings to begin with.

These rifles were to be replaced with M95 rifles, not because the Austro-Hungarians didn't like the action (personally I find it smoother than even my Swiss Rifles, including my K93 which has the M90 carbine action), rather the action was too weak to continue developing the cartridge and hence the Austro-Hungarians (and later the Bulgarians) adopting the M95s. It wasn't until mid-WWI the Austro-Hungarians had produced enough M95s to make them the primary arm of their army and even then these rifles saw a ton of service until the end of the war.

This particular example is all matching, though re-numbered from the original serial number (all the original serial numbers are the same though). My theory is this rifle was likely intended to be sold to Chile before their civil war, and after their civil war ended up being sold to Bulgaria (you can just faintly see their rampant lion on the stock). It was likely renumbered when taken into Bulgarian service.

For the Bulgarians these rifles were their bread and butter and they saw a lot of usage in their hands. Bulgaria is often a overlooked nation in WWI, but they had a huge impact on the war and have a fascinating history. One German general was even quoted as saying they lost the war due to how poorly the Bulgarians performed. These rifles would also have seen a lot of usage in the Balkan Wars, the First one being pretty good for Bulgaria, the Second not so much. Some really fascinating history in the region in that time period, and if you have any interest in the arms of that region in that era I would highly recommend the book 'Serbian Army: Weapons of Victory 1914-1918'.

I have shot this particular rifle, and I found it to be fairly accurate as well as a pleasure to shoot.

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Bolt extended
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You can see the multiple serial numbers and the rampant lion above them in this photo
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Volley sight extended, these are often missing, either broken off or removed in later service
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Front volley sight, some users have ground those off in later service
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Bulgarian M88/90 bayonet, unfortunately I cannot mount it to the rifle as the bayonet screw is too tight and I don't have the proper spanner wrench to loosen it. These mounted sideways on the rifle instead of the typical up and down.
https://www.milsurps.com/vbpicgallery.php?do=big&p=4195
Close up on the rampant lion on the bayonet.
 
This is what got me into firearms in the first place. The esoteric is amazing and interesting.

This is the write up in Wiki: Seems it need the addition of this (M90) purpose built rifle..

"M90

In approximately 1890, the Austro-Hungarian Empire converted the older, black powder-filled 8×52mmR Mannlicher round into a semi-smokeless cartridge, following upon the heels of France's 8 mm Lebel cartridge, the first smokeless military round. This new round was designated 8mm M.1890 scharfe Patrone or "nitro-Patrone". It was loaded with the same 244 gr bullet but carried a 43 gr charge of "Gewehrpulver" ("rifle powder", Austria-Hungary's name for their version of smokeless powder, which was actually a "semi-smokeless" powder[citation needed]). The new semi-smokeless loading pushed the bullet to a velocity of 1,950 ft/s (590 m/s) in the converted M.88/90 and M.86/90 Mannlicher rifles."
 
Awesome rifle! Would love to own one someday. Glad you posted this, it's nice to see a not so common milsurp on the forum just for the joy of it.
 
Hi Eaglelord. They are a nice smooth straight pull aren't they? I remember seeing one of the upgraded sight rifles once - it had what appeared
to be new graduated plates attached to the sides of the rearsight. Of course these 8mm rifles are basically smokeless high velocity upgrades of Austrian Mannlicher models of 1882, 84, and 86 in 11mm black powder. All classic rifles. John
 
They are a very smooth straight pull, or at least this one is. I have only handled the one so I can't say for other rifles of the same style, but I imagine if they are in similar condition they should be the same. I honestly am not sure if I have a smoother rifle in my collection.

The '88' action is just basically the '86' action just smaller. I sincerely doubt they were made with better steel or anything, like most early designs they had teething pains/flaws due to lack of understanding of smokeless powder. The weak point on the 88 action being the lack of strength of it, which in turn limited Austrian-Hungarian cartridge development as they couldn't push the 8x50r Austrian cartridge farther than they had without making the 88 rifles unsafe. And since the 88 rifles were such a large part of their inventory they were unwilling to write them off. It wasn't until the 30s when the Austrians decided to develop the 8x56r cartridge for the M95 rifles did they actually advance development of it beyond what was achieved in 1893.

Things to look at when buying these rifles are the condition (most are in terrible shape), and if the volley sights are intact or not (many had the point ground down at a minimum). I haven't seen many of these rifles around though. Saw a few Chinese examples which were basically write offs, and one which wasn't terrible but wasn't great. Still good examples are out there if you wait.
 
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