one word- DEWEY - it's more expensive than the rest, but it's coated and won't scratch your bore- hoppes 9 or eds red or shooters choice for bore cleaner, patches you make from old bed sheets, anything but stainless steel for brushes and change your patch every time u do a pass- that's why they sell patches by the thousand- i'm assuming your '54 is a mosin, so take the bolt out and clean from the breech end- you should ALLWAYS clean from the breech- if you HAVE to clean from the barrel, use a crown/bore protector, a slotted jag, and put the rod /jag in first, then patch in the action and clean on the back- stroke- as far as supplies go any gun shop will do- just shop around for best price