I think the answer to this question will have allot to do with budget, expectations and intended use. Judging by the other guns in the OP's stable, I'm guessing budget isn't a huge issue=which is good.
When I think "Anschutz", I think .22LR and considering the enormous selection of ammo available for it, I think it's pretty much guaranteed you'll find at least a type or two it'll shoot exceptionally well. 17HMR is far more limited in terms of ammo choices, and anything decent NOT branded Hornady (=CCI) is still loaded by them. If have my facts straight. An Anschutz in 17HMR should shoot as good or better than a less expensive rifle in the same caliber..but you are tethered to maybe 5 ammo options. With the increased reach/noise level of 17HMR (and 22WMR), the cost of ammo for those two calibers these days, availability OF it..I think it's time for the OP to consider a caliber like .223, that will shine @ 100-200+ yards. In my reality, anywhere I can make 17HMR noise...a .223 is fine to use.
In terms of "making the jump" to centerfire, I cycled through 3 x 17HMR rifles before moving to .223 for varmint hunting, and long range plinking. Zero regrets. I still own a 17HMR, but it now lives in S. Alberta for gopher duty...which is all I've ever used it for anyway. To put even 17HMR into perspective, we were making shots UNDER 75 yards on a day late into our spring trip this year, wind was bad that day. We had to hold OVER a foot into the wind to connect, and -75 yards isn't that far. 17HMR is still cheaper than .223, but allot of bullets ended-up in the dirt too.
Unless the OP's experience differs immensely from my own, I'd bet that with a .223 (even a Savage heavy barrel) the odds of connecting @ 300 yards would be significantly greater than attempting the same thing with a 17HMR. Even if it was made by Anschutz.
Hitting targets at 200-300 yards is fun, but I'd rather do that nearly every time with a centerfire than lob tiny 17gr. bullets that far and cross my fingers. We all have goals though, nothing wrong with trying to do it with a 17 rimfire.