Difference between long and short action

Adam023

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So, I've been flipping through a Savage catalouge, looking at different options for a nice bolt action rifle, but one thing keeps bugging me... What's the difference between long action and short action?

My GUESS is that it's exactly what it says; the action is either longer or shorter for cartridges with either more or less of a main powder charge, and therefore a longer or shorter overall length. If so, that would mean that long action is only good for powerful rounds and short action is better for less powerful rounds.

If I'm right, what kind of rounds typically are used in a long action, and what kind of rounds are typically used with a short action? If I'm wrong, what is the difference? Any help on the matter would be greatly appreciated, thanks!
 
If you have a short action, the rifle is a bit lighter and for some people has a better balance.

As an example the 300WSM can be had in a short action but the longer 300WM requires a long action. The actual ballistics of the 2 cartridges are similar so the shooter has a choice.

For some people it may be just a matter of which cartridge they want to shoot and go with the action that takes it.
 
Short action will have shorter bolt throw, and many feel that the short action will be stiffer, and we all know that stiffer is better.
 
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