Distance guaging

There are many useful means to judge range. Certainly the most accurate is by using a map and compass. Of coarse for this technique to be useful, the terrain you are in needs some identifiable landmarks which can be found on the map. The mildots in a scope or binoculars work well once the individual aquires that technique. A not unrelated method might be to judge the size of a known object against the size of you outsteched thumb.
 
if not using a laser, the only other forms of optical rangefinding are subtension and coincidence. Mil dot and similar use subtension to estimate range. You must know the height/size of the object, any reference object.

Coincidence is used in military long range rangefinders and look like big bug eyes. Two lenses far apart give the user two images. When the optics are adjusted so that the images coincide, a guage shows the range.

GPS and the methods of using topo maps are also useful but can have significant errors, enough to cause a miss at long range.

Those lasers are really the way to go.

Jerry
 
Mil dot can work

You take the size of the target in yards times 1000 devided by the hgiht of the taget in mils.

30 inch target divided by 36 = .833 times 1000 =833 dived by mils say two

range is 416 yards.

The limitation is you need to know how big your target is and be pretty good with figures.
 
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