Ok, here goes.
Firearms laws vary from state to state but not by much.
You need a 'genuine reason' to own any firearm, this is just a summary for Queensland.
Cat A & B - pretty much anyone with a Firearms licence.
Cat C - Primary producers & some shotgun club shooters (special permission)
Cat D - Mainly Primary Producers & Feral Animal Controllers (very hard to obtain)
Cat H - Primary Producers,security and club use (Club use has restrictions on overall length and is mainly limited to 38 cal.
Cat R - Movie Ordanance, Armorers, Some Dealers.
Links for those who are interested:
Weapons Categories Regulation 1997 -
http://www.legislation.qld.gov.au/legisltn/current/w/weaponscatr97.pdf
Weapons Regulation 1996 -
http://www.legislation.qld.gov.au/LEGISLTN/CURRENT/W/WeaponsR96.pdf
Weapons Act 1990 -
http://www.legislation.qld.gov.au/LEGISLTN/CURRENT/W/WeaponsA90.pdf
Nationally laws are basically the same (although in some states it is virtually impossible to obtain Cat D), with firearms falling into the following categories :
2 Category A weapons
(1) Each of the following is a category A weapon if it has not
been rendered permanently inoperable—
(a) a miniature cannon under 120cm in barrel length that is
a black powder and muzzle loading cannon, depicting a
scale model of an historical artillery piece or naval gun;
(b) an air rifle;
(c) a blank-fire firearm at least 75cm in length;
(d) a rimfire rifle (other than a self-loading rimfire rifle);
(e) a single or double barrel shotgun;
(f) a powerhead.
(2) A conversion unit is also a category A weapon.
(3) In this section—
conversion unit means a unit or device or barrel that is
capable of being used for converting a category A weapon
that is a firearm from one calibre to another calibre.
3 Category B weapons
(1) Each of the following is a category B weapon if it has not
been rendered permanently inoperable—
(a) a muzzle-loading firearm;
1 This is a reprint of the Weapons Categories Regulation 1997 set out in schedule 1 of
the Weapons and Other Legislation Amendment Act 1997 No. 48.
s 4 4 s 5
Weapons Categories Regulation 1997
(b) a single shot centre fire rifle;
(c) a double barrel centre fire rifle;
(d) a repeating centre fire rifle;
(e) a break action shotgun and rifle combination.
(2) A conversion unit is also a category B weapon.
(3) In this section—
conversion unit means a unit or device or barrel that is
capable of being used for converting a category B weapon that
is a firearm from one calibre to another calibre.
4 Category C weapons
Each of the following is a category C weapon if it has not
been rendered permanently inoperable—
(a) a semiautomatic rimfire rifle with a magazine capacity
no greater than 10 rounds;
(b) a semiautomatic shotgun with a magazine capacity no
greater than 5 rounds;
(c) a pump action shotgun with a magazine capacity no
greater than 5 rounds.
5 Category D weapons
(1) Each of the following is a category D weapon—
(a) a self-loading centre fire rifle designed or adapted for
military purposes or a firearm that substantially
duplicates a rifle of that type in design, function or
appearance;
(b) a non-military style self-loading centre fire rifle with
either an integral or detachable magazine;
(c) a self-loading shotgun with either an integral or
detachable magazine with a capacity of more than 5
rounds and a pump action shotgun with a capacity of
more than 5 rounds;
(d) a self-loading rimfire rifle with a magazine capacity of
more than 10 rounds.
s 6 5 s 7AA
Weapons Categories Regulation 1997
(2) Subsection (1) applies to a weapon mentioned in the
subsection even if the weapon is permanently inoperable.
6 Category E weapons
A bulletproof vest or protective body vest or body armour
designed to prevent the penetration of small arms projectiles
is a category E weapon.
7 Category H weapons
(1) A firearm, including an air pistol and a blank-fire firearm,
under 75cm in length, other than a powerhead, is a category H
weapon, regardless of whether it has been rendered
permanently inoperable.
(2) A conversion unit is also a category H weapon.
(3) This section does not apply to a powerhead or category C, D
or R weapon.
(4) In this section—
conversion unit means a unit or device or barrel that is
capable of being used for converting a category H weapon
that is a firearm from one calibre to another calibre.
7AA Category H weapon classes
For schedule 22 of the Act, each of the following comprises a
class of category H weapon—
(a) an air pistol;
(b) a centre-fire pistol with a calibre of not more than .38
inch or a black-powder pistol;
(c) a centre-fire pistol with a calibre of more than .38 inch
but not more than .45 inch;
(d) a rim-fire pistol.