Well - The OP stated that he was going over max in a modern calibre with a mauser action of unspecified origin - what is safe as far as the action is concerned?
Regarding going to max (Sammi) loads, I'm going to differentiate between commercial ammo manufacturers and the average 20-and-some year old reloader. The commercial ammo manufacturer does a series of pressure/velocity tests to develop a load, then puts some "lawyer" margin on it, and applies a rigorous QA program to ensure the ammo they produce is consistent. Even so, you get the occaisional "blue pill" - witness the PMC 6.5X55 of a few years ago.
The DIY reloader does not have the benefit of expensive and sophisticated testing equipment - most dont even have a chrony. They employ tests which are somewhat subjective as an indicator of excessive pressure. They make reloading mistakes - poor records, inconsistent loads, swapped components, etc. ( True confession - I've reloaded for about 15 years, and made a few that I'm not proud of.)
By going to max load, the average reloader is reducing their safety margin for f*ck ups. Take the calibre in question - buddy loads up some 308 in commercial brass that is hot, and establishes that he likes the load. Gets some military brass for free and tries the same load - you know where this is going...