I was very surprised at the out-of-box accuracy of my friend's Savage 10FCP... It'll run you about 1200$ but you'll learn a lot.
This has been my experience. I bought my first precision rifle last year (first firearm ever), and decided to splurge on a high-end factory offering, which Obtunded here probably discourages
. I am very pleased with my purchase compared to other guns I've seen at the ranges I go to but that, again, is merely my experience.
That having been said, I'd recommend you invest in something that won't be "interim" - that is, don't buy a "temporary" rifle to "learn" with ASAP. Take the time to research components and save up (if necessary) for quality parts that will provide you with years of enjoyment. That was my plan.
Some general things I can throw in is make sure the stock fits you comfortably so you don't have to strain - maybe one that's adjustable for length of pull, cheekrest height, etc. Get one with an aluminum bedding or, better yet, an aluminum frame.
Obtunded might advise you better on barrel & barrel contour - I went with one that's fluted with no taper, 22mm diameter. Get a barrel with a twist that will work well with the bullet weight/length that's readily available in your area.
Make sure to get a quality scope and mount - this is not where you want to skimp out on $$$ with... You don't want to be "chasing dragons" trying to figure out why you aren't grouping well when your zero is shifting due to a crappy mount/scope combo.
Bottom line: make sure the rifle is comfortable to shoot and that it's very rigidly made; with that in mind, you'll be happy with your purchase, whatever that may be.
Finally, 223 is an excellent choice if you won't be hunting, since you'll save quite a bit on ammo... and MysticPlayer will no doubt tout its advantages better than I can.
Let us know what you pick!
