Honestly seems like the shell comes out of the mag tube really hard and fast, have tried different ammo to no luck. Also tried a different tube spring that was shorter to see if it helped with how hard it was shooting them onto the lifter.
The speed or force that a shell comes out of the magazine and onto the lifter shouldn't matter. It's a matter of available space, not how quickly the space gets filled.
I have a Mossberg (my Frankenberg), that started as an 835 Unimag 3.5" receiver. To this I added the 590A1 14" barrel and mag tube. I was concerned that 2.75" shells may bounce around in the very spacious receiver causing failure to feed issues...it doesn't. It runs, so there is something wrong with yours.
I use the Paul Harrell "pullrack" method of cycling on my pumps and can put a lot of lead downrange very quickly. Not semi-auto quickly, but close.
If your fired shells are being ejected properly and your unfired shell is skipping past the chamber and stovepiping out the ejection port, I would take a hard look at the lifter to see if it is anyway bent, particularly upwards. Changing it out with a known good one is a great diagnostic method.
Barring that, I'd have a hard look at the chamber feed ramp. For reasons I don't understand, the shell isn't being pushed by the bolt, up that ramp and into the chamber. Rather, the bolt is pushing the shell up, into the ejection port which is certainly not supposed to be the path of least resistance.
Another oddity is that you state it only does this when run "hard", but not when cycled "gently". These are subjective terms, but I'm taking you to mean when slowly racked, it chambers, and when quickly racked, it stovepipes?
Without video of you shooting, I can't critique your shooting stance or style, and I don't think you're fishing for critiques, so all I can really do here is inform you of Paul Harrell's "pullrack". Essentially, once chambered, as you pull the trigger, you fully rack the action in really one motion. When shooting this equates to everytime you acquire a target, there's already one in the chamber. Keeping the gun topped off is the only hassle.
I'll dig around for a video.
Found it. In the beginning he's being quite humble...make no mistake, this guy was a master, may he rest in peace.