REALLY weird ammo malfunction!

I know of some guys using rubber o-rings or little pony tail rubber bands from the dollar store, to hold the case back in the chamber to get around headspace problems. I'm not sure if this would work for you or not. If 3 out of 10 are coming apart upon firing, I think your rifle may be beyond the o-ring fix though.

The o-ring should work. The point is to hold the casehead against the boltface so that the case will fireform, without an incipient or full separation. Once cases are fireformed, they are reloaded as if the cases were rimless, headspacing on the shoulder.
SMLE boltheads do not come in graduated sizes, unlike the No. 4, but if you can find some heads, you could try swapping ones in to se if you could get proper headspace.
Also, measure the rim thickness on the cases. If it is on the thin side, the ammunition could be creating the excess headspace.
Setting the barrel back and recutting the chamber would probably cost as much as the rifle did. The handloading option is the least expensive.
 
Get, among other things, a chamber cast and an accurate measurement of the headspace done.

The chamber cast will tell you how oversize the chamber really is. As was touched upon earlier, the military was not at all concerned with how much the case stretched, as long as it worked once per case, so the difference in size between a minimum size case, and a maximum size chamber, is, well, huge. Worth digging out the SAMMI (SAAMMI, SAAMI?) drawings of the cartridge and chamber for the caliber, then realize that as loose as that is, the military chamber was looser! There are several old chamberings that suffer this problem. .22 Hornet comes immediately to mind.

Like as not the easy fix is to have the smith pull the barrel and take one or maybe two full turns off the face of the shoulder and the breech, then recut the chamber, with an eye towards a little closer tolerance. Ideally, with a reamer that is much closer to 'modern' tolerances WRT maximum cartridge, minimum chamber sizes. A look at the size of the cartridges coming out of the sizing die would be in order too, I think.
This will cost a bit, but so will any other solution other than hanging the rifle up and retiring it.

The rubber spacers, along with some careful neck-only sizing, should help with the case life a bit.

If you full length size, this adds to the problem as it is working the brass back and forth and allowing it to stretch a lot more each firing.

Good luck!

Cheers
Trev
 
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