A twist rate that is to slow for a given length bullet will not stabilize it sufficently.
For instance, a 1:14 twist barely stabilized the 55 grn FMJ of the original M16, if it was fired in warm dry air. If it was fired in more dense air (cold and/or humid) the bullets would sometimes tumble, giving very poor accuracy and striking the target in unpredictable attitudes (a bullet hitting a target sideways, produces an oblong hole somewhat resembling a "keyhole"), with the twist rate increased to 1:12, giving adequate stability. Using the longer SS109 type bullet in the old barrel twist rates will also produce poor accuracy and keyholing, that's why new-spec AR type barrels run faster twist rates, and match rifles intending to use the very long .224 bullets, some over 100 grains in weight, need even faster twists.