Shooting a .40ASW with a semi-auto chambered for 10mm

Back in the day I had a big heavy S&W Model 1066 in 10mm that I tried shooting .40 S&W out of with no ill effect.

Typically, both cases, since "rimless", headspace on the case mouth. That said, the .40 case is shorter & will only be held in place in a 10mm chamber by the extractor. If it slips under the extractor on feeding from the magazine you will likely have a FTF +/or FTE. Not necessarily a big deal if plinking on the range but I wouldn't like to stake my life on it.

I had a .40 S&W chambered barrel fit to my Colt Delta 10mm so that I could reload & shoot .40 S&W from it, with no potential issues.

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NAA.
 
I have shot regular 45ACP out of my 460Rowland - which is like a 45 case, but 1/10th inch longer. The extractor holds it in place.

When picking up IPSC brass, after a match, I sometimes find 9mm cases that were fired in a 40S&W. So anything is possible.
 
Assuming it works in your pistol, aside from extractor wear there is a potential for increased breechface wear with the increase in potential headspace.
That said, I suspect it would take a fair bit of use to become a problem.
 
I have shot regular 45ACP out of my 460Rowland - which is like a 45 case, but 1/10th inch longer. The extractor holds it in place.

When picking up IPSC brass, after a match, I sometimes find 9mm cases that were fired in a 40S&W. So anything is possible.

I've seen this ^^^ at the range as well. The shooter was lucky to hit the backstop....
 
I have shot regular 45ACP out of my 460Rowland - which is like a 45 case, but 1/10th inch longer. The extractor holds it in place.

When picking up IPSC brass, after a match, I sometimes find 9mm cases that were fired in a 40S&W. So anything is possible.

At my Black Badge course my buddy picked up one of my live 9mm rounds and fired it through his 2011 in .40. Fed and fired just fine.
 
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