Short Barrel .243 Load

Superbrad

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As stated in an earlier thread, I am fairly new to reloading..... here is my "dilemma".....

I just bought a compact hunting rifle in .243 and I want to get as much speed as possible..... the issue is that the rifle sports a 16.5" barrel.... I am looking at using an 80 gr. bullet.

I need a load that will push an 80 gr. as fast as possible..... and yes, I realize a short barrel will limit my options, and I am willing to try different loads, but would rather someone with experience weighs in and gives me a starting point.....

Cheers,

Brad
 
I used 42.0 grains of H4350 under Hornady 87 grain BTHP, with Winchester brass and Federal 210 primers... in my M77 Compact and M77 Frontier, both with 16.5" barrels... it was an accurate, peppy load...

NOTE; HODGDON lists 40.5 grains as MAX... I worked up to this load and had no pressure signs, but you should work the load up in your own rifle.
 
The load that will produce the highest velocity in a longer barrel will also produce the highest velocity in a shorter barrel. The powder burns in ~8-12" depending on the cartridge and pressure. A reduced load producing less pressure will take longer to burn all the powder. A max load reaching max pressure will burn all the powder more quickly. A shorter barrel will produce lower velocity because there is less time for the gasses to transfer energy to the bullet, accelerating it, but in nearly all cases the load that produces the highest velocity in a long barrel will do the same for a short.

A load not at max pressure may not burn all the powder until the 16-18" mark. A max load should burn all the powder with a 16.5" barrel. That doesn't mean to start at max, still perform the usual load workup in your rifle with your components.

So find which load delivers the highest velocity in a normal length barrel and it should also work for your shorter barreled rifle.
 
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I used 42.0 grains of H4350 under Hornady 87 grain BTHP, with Winchester brass and Federal 210 primers... in my M77 Compact and M77 Frontier, both with 16.5" barrels... it was an accurate, peppy load...

NOTE; HODGDON lists 40.5 grains as MAX... I worked up to this load and had no pressure signs, but you should work the load up in your own rifle.

Thanks... any chrony results?

I will start at 41 since I am a complete chicken#### right now.... after breaking the action in with factory and harvesting the brass of course....
 
The load that will produce the highest velocity in a longer barrel will also produce the highest velocity in a shorter barrel. The powder burns in ~8-12" depending on the cartridge and pressure. A reduced load producing less pressure will take longer to burn all the powder. A max load reaching max pressure will burn all the powder more quickly. A shorter barrel will produce lower velocity because there is less time for the gasses to transfer energy to the bullet, accelerating it, but in nearly all cases the load that produces the highest velocity in a long barrel will do the same for a short.

A load not at max pressure may not burn all the powder until the 16-18" mark. A max load should burn all the powder with a 16.5" barrel. That doesn't mean to start at max, still perform the usual load workup in your rifle with your components.

So find which load delivers the highest velocity in a normal length barrel and it should also work for your shorter barreled rifle.

Again, I am new to this, but if the load doesn't burn off in a short barrel, does that not mean you may get better velocity from a faster burning powder?.... I am willing to try different powders......
 
Again, I am new to this, but if the load doesn't burn off in a short barrel, does that not mean you may get better velocity from a faster burning powder?.... I am willing to try different powders......

He is right. Check out the pistol data on IMR's load data.

I use IMR 4064 and an 85gr Partition in an 18.5" barrel. Haven't chronographed it, but it is an effective load on deer. What are you going to be chasing?
 
Again, I am new to this, but if the load doesn't burn off in a short barrel, does that not mean you may get better velocity from a faster burning powder?.... I am willing to try different powders......
Though that does seem the logical outcome, it isn't always true.

Throwing some numbers into QuickLoad (an estimation tool at best, not precise):
H4831 when loaded to max pressure doesn't totally burn until around the 24" mark. In a 16.5" barrel it's showing ~2970fps with an 80gr bullet.
H4350 to the same pressure shows a full burn around 15.5" but only shows a velocity of ~2910fps with the same bullet.
Varget shows a full burn around 10" and a velocity of ~2930fps.

All 3 powders show in the 3200-3300fps ballpark with a 24" barrel.

Now QuickLoad is sometimes as off as +/- 10% from reality but it's a good estimation and comparison tool as it maintains all the variables relative to each other; even if they're off from reality, the results are likely accurate relative to each other.

So of those, the powder that doesn't burn until well past your barrel length has the best velocity in your barrel length. This goes against conventional logic but is in line with decades of advice from reloaders far more experienced than I. I'm not exactly sure why it happens; I've never really thought about the mechanics of it before.

The load that delivers the highest velocity in a longer barrel will also deliver the highest velocity in a shorter barrel. That is until you get below 10-12" and things get wonky.
 
Again, I am new to this, but if the load doesn't burn off in a short barrel, does that not mean you may get better velocity from a faster burning powder?.... I am willing to try different powders......

No. Look at this pressure curve. You can see that by the time the bullet exits (on the right) the pressure has already dropped off so much it does not matter very much.

What really matters is the area under the curve. The way to get more area is with a slower powder, so the pressure does not drop off so fast.

Other things being equal, a slower powder will get more velocity than a fast powder, loaded to the same peak pressure.

PRESSURECURVEGOLDCROSS308.jpg


Powder in this ammo was probably similar to BLC2.

Note, you an see that the initial pressure rise is from the primer, then the powder kicks in. (Bottom left of curve.)
 
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If max is 40.5 you should be starting well under while watching for pressure signs. Starting .5 gr over max is not wise, it is dangerous. As a general rule, starting at 10% under max is a safe route to take. Using a different primer or a different lot of powder can affect your max load in your rifle.
 
If max is 40.5 you should be starting well under while watching for pressure signs. Starting .5 gr over max is not wise, it is dangerous. As a general rule, starting at 10% under max is a safe route to take. Using a different primer or a different lot of powder can affect your max load in your rifle.

Great info, thank you....

I have to fire a coule boxes of factory to get the brass and get it on paper..... So at least that lets me know it is safe to shoot..... Ruger makes some very solid actions IMOP, so I will start with the factory loads then start at max reccomendations and work up form there..... Hoping to get a chrony soon, so may be no need to load anything further than what I need so to speak...

I am looking for a 400 yard capable rifle, but I am unsure if I am a 400 yard capable shooter at this point...... I can do 300 reasonably, but that extra 100 is big in most cartridges..... So looking at a combination of hand load and practice to get me there.....
 
Great info, thank you....

I have to fire a coule boxes of factory to get the brass and get it on paper..... So at least that lets me know it is safe to shoot..... Ruger makes some very solid actions IMOP, so I will start with the factory loads then start at max reccomendations and work up form there..... Hoping to get a chrony soon, so may be no need to load anything further than what I need so to speak...

I am looking for a 400 yard capable rifle, but I am unsure if I am a 400 yard capable shooter at this point...... I can do 300 reasonably, but that extra 100 is big in most cartridges..... So looking at a combination of hand load and practice to get me there.....

Keep in mind that max velocity loads are rarely the most accurate load from a barrel and that pushing for more velocity won't make the rifle shoot 400 yards better than it shoots 300 yards. More velocity will only translate into a slightly smaller holdover to hit your target. You're talking about the difference in trajectory of a couple hundred fps not 1000fps, you will hardly notice it.
Don't assume that just because it's safe in someone elses rifle it's safe in your rifle. Two barrels could come off the line one after the other and have the chamber cut by different machines causing completely different chamber tolerances and completely different pressures. That is why we always start below max and work up a load for each rifle indepenently.

Also, remember that the 243 uses a very light bullet and it will be effected by wind and everything else more than a heavier bullet as well as carry less inertia. I personally wouldn't shoot at a deer beyond 300 yards with a 243 or with most other hunting rifles. When you throw in less than ideal shooting conditions in the field and add in a little adrenaline the chances of you doing your part to ensure a clean humane kill are greatly reduced when using such a tiny bullet. For me, unless I can get within 300 yards of an animal I don't pull the trigger, I can't actually remember the last time I've had to shoot more than 100 yards for a deer.
Don't get me wrong, I really like the 243 and feel it is an excellent cartridge for deer hunting but it has it's limitations and pushing the bullet 100fps faster doesn't reduce those limitations.

You don't need a chrony to develop good loads, do a ladder test and develop the most accurate load you can then see how fast it's going. It's more important to hit accurately at a slightly lower velocity than it is to miss at a higher velocity.
I don't use a chrony with my loads until the end of my load development unless I'm developing subsonic loads for my 300BLK.

Since you're shooting factory loads to get your brass I'll suggest that you buy all the same brand of factory. I don't get too carried away with prepping brass but I do sort it by brand as a minimum as different brands can produce different pressures due to variances in internal volume. If you're going to be chasing the top end of safety you would be better off keeping everything as consistent as possible.

Good luck
 
Superbrad - You might want to check out the Hornady Manual to compare their information - for 243 Win rifle, they used a 24" barrel M70 Winchester, and for handgun, they used a 15" T/C Encore. You will be able to see their results regarding what changes with barrel length for the various powders. For the 15" barrel, they show 3,000 fps with their 80 grain bullets, using 45.0 grains of H4350. Their barrels, their lot of powder, their tests - YMMV.


As stated in an earlier thread, I am fairly new to reloading..... here is my "dilemma".....

I just bought a compact hunting rifle in .243 and I want to get as much speed as possible..... the issue is that the rifle sports a 16.5" barrel.... I am looking at using an 80 gr. bullet.

I need a load that will push an 80 gr. as fast as possible..... and yes, I realize a short barrel will limit my options, and I am willing to try different loads, but would rather someone with experience weighs in and gives me a starting point.....

Cheers,

Brad
 
sorry if I missed a particular bullet you're going to load - here's Quickload info for a 80gr Nosler BT / 16.5" tube

Code:
Cartridge          : .243 Win
Bullet             : .243, 80, Nosler BalTip 24080
Useable Case Capaci: 50.292 grain H2O = 3.265 cm³
Cartridge O.A.L. L6: 2.710 inch = 68.83 mm
Barrel Length      : 16.5 inch = 419.1 mm

Predicted Data for Indicated Charges of the Following Powders.
Matching Maximum Pressure: 62000 psi, or 427 MPa
or a maximum loading ratio or filling of 105 %
These calculations refer to your specified settings in QuickLOAD 'Cartridge Dimensions' window.
C A U T I O N : any load listed can result in a powder charge that falls below minimum suggested
loads or exceeds maximum suggested loads as presented in current handloading manuals. Understand
that all of the listed powders can be unsuitable for the given combination of cartridge, bullet
and gun. Actual load order can vary, depending upon lot-to-lot powder and component variations.
USE ONLY FOR COMPARISON !

22 loads produced a Loading Ratio below user-defined minimum of 90%. These powders have been skipped.
Powder type          Filling/Loading Ratio  Charge    Charge   Vel. Prop.Burnt P max  P muzz  B_Time
                                      %     Grains    Gramm   fps     %       psi     psi    ms
---------------------------------  -----------------------------------------------------------------
Alliant RL17                        97.4     47.3     3.07    3206    99.3    62000   18584   0.824  !DANGEROUS LOAD-DO NOT USE!
Ramshot Hunter                     102.0     48.8     3.16    3150    95.9    62000   18193   0.830  !DANGEROUS LOAD-DO NOT USE!
Hodgdon H414                        96.4     47.3     3.06    3147    94.9    62000   18183   0.831  !DANGEROUS LOAD-DO NOT USE!
Winchester 760                      96.4     47.3     3.06    3147    94.9    62000   18183   0.831  !DANGEROUS LOAD-DO NOT USE!
Alliant RL26                       105.0     52.3     3.39    3142    96.0    56360   19832   0.869  ! Near Maximum !
IMR 4895                            91.7     42.5     2.76    3131    98.8    62000   17377   0.837  !DANGEROUS LOAD-DO NOT USE!
Ramshot BigGame                     91.9     45.4     2.94    3131    98.7    62000   17309   0.832  !DANGEROUS LOAD-DO NOT USE!
Hodgdon Hybrid 100V                104.4     46.8     3.03    3125    99.2    62000   16944   0.831  !DANGEROUS LOAD-DO NOT USE!
Alliant RL15                        92.5     42.9     2.78    3122    98.4    62000   17249   0.836  !DANGEROUS LOAD-DO NOT USE!
IMR 3031                            92.0     39.9     2.58    3114   100.0    62000   15906   0.837  !DANGEROUS LOAD-DO NOT USE!
IMR 4320                            94.5     43.1     2.79    3114    98.8    62000   16705   0.821  !DANGEROUS LOAD-DO NOT USE!
Hodgdon H380                        93.8     44.4     2.88    3105    97.3    62000   17187   0.840  !DANGEROUS LOAD-DO NOT USE!
IMR 4350                           101.8     46.9     3.04    3093    94.4    62000   17019   0.827  !DANGEROUS LOAD-DO NOT USE!
Hodgdon H4350                      103.7     47.0     3.05    3092    94.2    62000   17029   0.827  !DANGEROUS LOAD-DO NOT USE!
Hodgdon Varget                      95.3     42.7     2.77    3092    98.4    62000   16509   0.824  !DANGEROUS LOAD-DO NOT USE!
IMR 4064                            95.9     42.0     2.72    3089    98.6    62000   16378   0.828  !DANGEROUS LOAD-DO NOT USE!
Alliant RL19                       105.0     48.7     3.15    3087    91.9    58967   17837   0.844  ! Near Maximum !
IMR 4007ssc                         95.5     44.9     2.91    3075    94.4    62000   16803   0.834  !DANGEROUS LOAD-DO NOT USE!
IMR 4831                           105.0     46.6     3.02    3074    97.2    58835   17350   0.863  ! Near Maximum !
IMR 7828ssc                        105.0     50.0     3.24    3052    88.1    55802   18109   0.860  ! Near Maximum !
Hodgdon H4831sc                    105.0     49.2     3.19    3016    88.1    57022   16942   0.854  ! Near Maximum !
 
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