I began long range shooting with a 3-9X hunting scope on a .30/06 sporter, and I did well enough using a sighting target high above my impact target, that I got the bug. But getting a proper target scope improved things tremendously. I suggest you choose your scope based on the characteristics of your rifle. If you do not have an adjustable cheek piece on your rifle, choosing a scope with a large objective bell will require it to be mounted too high for you to have a proper cheek weld. If you have a sporter length stock that comes close to fitting you, having a big power variable might require that the ocular comes so far behind the cocking piece that you are liable to get tagged when the rifle recoils.
Get the best scope you can afford to buy, and don't cheap out on the mounts. With ranges beyond a half mile you will probably benefit from a 20 minute base. Just keep in mind that you only have the full 20 minute advantage when the mounting point furthest to the rear is used. I prefer to set mine so that when the scope adjustment is bottomed out it coincides with a 100 yard zero, then all of my vertical adjustment is useable.
A scope with target turrets is useful to the long range shooter. The larger the tube diameter of the scope, the more vertical adjustment it will have. Parallax adjustment is a nice feature on scopes with 10X or greater, but having the adjustment on the objective is often better system than on a third turret, even though it is not as handy. Go to the US Optics web page and read what they have to say on the subject.
AS to magnification, big power can be a trap, particularly in a fixed power scope. A 10X can be useful out to 1000 yards, depending on the size of your sighting black, but a 2 MOA bull is easily seen at 10X, and a 10X doesn't suffer from mirage as badly as higher power scopes. If you want a higher power scope, go with a variable so you can dial down under the mirage. A high power variable like a 4.5-16X or a 6.5 -20X is pretty nice.
I like a mildot reticle for the ease of holding off for in difficult wind conditions, but as a rule of thumb the simpler and less cluttered the reticle the better.
I said earlier that you should purchase the best scope, that you can afford. If that means choosing a used scope, that is better than choosing a poor new scope. A scope that adjusts properly out of the box, but whose adjustments wear out in short order is not economical. If you get a used scope you can check the scope with a collimator or you can shoot a box. To shoot a box on a 100 yard target, fire a single shot or a small group and adjust 6 MOA up, shoot again, adjust 6 MOA right, shoot again, adjust 6 MOA down and shoot again, and finally adjust 6 MOA left and your last group should hit the first.