Scientific data aside.....
50m is def the outer limit for humane buckshot use on deer IMO with 25m prolly better.
That would be assuming ALL the pellets are on target
As soon as ALL the pellets aren't on target yer talking about shooting with a 32 cal pistol basically....yes maybe a few times...or even only once ...... not very humane or effective on game bigger than a dog.
For a lot of cylinder bore guns and or bead sited weapons this range is prolly more like ~20m or so......maybe.
Like posted previously....it's pretty much irrelevant what the gelatin tests show.....as soon as ALL the pellets aren't on target buckshot of any configuration is very poor.
Not sayin it won't work....but it's not humane or effective.
Not only does each individual pellet not deliver much energy they don't fly very true as they're deformed when they're loaded and get worse as soon as they leave the muzzle.
NOT a fan here...... Buckshot's only advantage over a single projectile is the increased likelyhood of making hits......lightweight small calibre hits..... not delivering energy.
If ya can't make a hit cuz it's moving too fast and or yer ability....don't shoot....or miss.
Sorry for the rant....not preachin...just categorically against buckshot for harvesting game.
Now for use on Defective humans, close range protection from predators, zombies, varmint control, assaulting on TV's, pumpkins, computers.......hell YA!
One mans opinion.....