They are attached to the back of a cast lead bullet, and stop gasses from escaping from behind the bullet.
Basically seal the bullet better as it goes through your barrel.
If your bullets are sized properly to your bore there isn't much of an issue, but when you are using hard cast generic bullets they may be sightly undersized which is an issue with leading, gas checks can help.
Also allows you to push the cast bullets a little faster without worrying about the above issues.



























