The actual length of the chamber varies considerably from manufacturer to manufacturer.
I had a 30-06 which would accept a case at 2.505" [max length spec - 2.494"] .011" over
max spec.
I have a Husqvarna 8x57 here that will not allow you to close the bolt on a loaded round if
case length is 2.405" [max spec is 2.40"] so only .005" longer than spec. This is unusually
short, in my experience.
I trim whenevr my cases reach max specified length, and remove .010". This takes anywhere
from 4 to 15+ firings, depending on case design and working pressures.
Overlength cases can be dangerous, so be careful. Dave.