First , there is no "quick" in reloading, remove that from your vocabulary.There are no short cuts.
Get on google and do some reading and then if things are unclear come here to ask questions , we could write pages and pages on reloading , best is to get reading the already vast resources out there.
A loading manual will go through all the basics , get one , it will have everything you need to get started.Then you can go online to refine information.
Tools you require will be outlines in the manual, the basics will be there.
1.Read about seating depth , bullet shape, chamber dimensions and cartridge dimensions.
2.Read about bullet construction and what their use is.
3.Read about brass preparation and selection.
4.Read about components - primers and powders.
5.Read about pressures and the cartridges effect on it within varying parameters.
6.Read about and understand burn rates and understand how they work different with varying bullets weight, case capacities , barrel lengths.
Once you get a taste of those things then you can start.
Go on google and read up on OCW load testing, ladder testing and group testing.
You can get complete starter kits minus the dies and components for a decent price, learn to use the hand tools , this will give you the basics and understanding of what you got into.
Again, if you ask for quickest , then reloading may not be for you.
Patience and understanding.
If you are looking for the methods with the least steps, then that is a better question.
Don't worry about what cartridge you are loading for as the procedures are all the same.
Gunneegoogoo has touched on a few things that are a bit advanced and geared more towards precision and advanced loading.Personally I would stick with the basics for now until you have gotten a grasp on what all the steps and components and variances will do.
We all started somewhere.
What is your intended use for this load?