Throughout my journey as a firearms enthusiast I've always had a love of shotguns....so much so that even though here in Alberta we have tonnes of deer hunting rifle opportunities and you will never hear me argue against the position that a rifle is a much more effective deer hunting instrument across a much wider range of conditions, my favourite hunting to this day is using a smoothbore shotgun to harvest deer.
There is something about having to get almost-bow-range close that seems to amplify the intensity of the experience. I think this is why even though I know from deep experience that slugs are a better choice of ammunition as they more than double the effective range of the smoothbore, I still love to hunt with buckshot. I've always been interested in the terminal ballistics of various shotgun rounds and have used this interest as subject matter for my youtube channel - here's some episodes documenting some of my hunting experience with various forms of buckshot:
00 buckshot -
https://youtu.be/41wBr7-QQlI
#4 buckshot -
https://youtu.be/ie6dKLU_Bas
zinc pumpkin balls -
https://youtu.be/fUU6NhqtgXU
While I've always hunted with a 12 gauge, this year my oldest daughter turned 12 and I'm thrilled she wants to come along to try for her own shotgun deer. She's going to be hunting with #3 buckshot out of her 20 gauge, and the video referenced above in post ##22 is her going through discovery of her maximum effective range based on pattern. Having previous experience with #4 buckshot I'm reasonably confident the slightly larger pellets will have sufficient lethality provided we keep her within 20 to 25 yards - I am always interested to see investigate the round's terminal ballistics and will try to get the hunt on video.
My video hunting project this year is going to be to compare low-recoil 00 buckshot to regular 00 buckshot out of a 14 inch barrelled gun. I've got my patterning exercises done and filmed, as well as a couple of good sessions over the chronograph so I can document the difference in velocity between the two rounds as well as the difference in velocity of the two loads when shot through a 22 inch barrelled gun vs a 14 inch barrelled gun. All that's left now is for gun season to start around here....I can hardly wait!
With respect to meat salvage - I find that there is little to no waste when using buckshot. Slugs can sometimes get messy if they shatter a humorous, scapula, or spine whereas buckshot is easier on the surrounding meat as the bone fragments are not as sever.
So I guess my advice would be that within the constraints of good pattern (and a hunter needs to do their homework here...I'm looking for 50% of the pellets within the vitals), buckshot is an effective smoothbore choice for deer sized game.
Cheers, and good hunting!
Brobee