I have done ballistic tests on expired 8" thick bone-in hams and pot roasts at 200m and there is complete penetration with .22lr subsonic ammo. Sometimes bullet bounces off bone and fragments, other times bones shatter. Cow/pig bone is a lot more solid than a coyote. What do you consider adequate?
Are you referring to subsonic ammo that has an MV below the speed of sound, that is less than 1100 fps, which is also called standard velocity ammo? Or are you referring to subsonic ammo like CCI "Quiet 22" with an MV of 710 fps and which is indeed significantly quieter than standard velocity and high velocity?
I think that the latter is so obviously inadequate for ethical varminting like shooting coyotes that it is not worth discussing. The former, the standard velocity ammo that is favoured by .22LR target shooters, has more energy but is also inadequate for ethical varmint shooting. SV ammo zeroed at 50 yards will drop about 8 inches at 100 and almost 60 inches at 200. At 50 yards it has 82 foot pounds of energy, and only 55 at 200 yards. That ought to be instructive.