Get a copy of a book put out originally by South Bend Lathe Co. entitled "How to run a lathe". Priceless information and just about everything you need to know about lathe set-up and operation. Just remember that there is no substitute for talent and that just comes with knowledge, experience and ability.
How to Run a Lathe is a book worth owning. Covers the basics pretty well.
I gotta say that I think you have it backwards. There is a substitute for talent (at least, how you are using the word). It is called hard work.
Learning to run machine tools is a skill that absolutely NOBODY was born with. Learning it, is actually hard. The guys that are interested, as well as motivated, will become better at it, than someone that is neither of those things.
I have taught a lot of apprentice tradesmen and women in the Forces, to use a Lathe and mill safely. Some were merely adequate, ALL were able to learn when they applied themselves.
I'll be clear here. A skill is something you can learn. A talent, not so much.
I have known a great many talented individuals. Guys who could remember the words and tunes to hundreds if not more, songs, folks that could draw a few lines on a blank sheet of paper and express more detail than I ever will be able to, both as written word, and as art. They had talent. You or I could spend our lives trying, and (well, for me for sure) never match that.
But making the machine do what you need it to is a skill, that can be learned. Even if the learning curve feels a little like running into a brick wall sometimes.
None of the materials we will use in our shops are particularly exotic or hard to learn about. They are all pretty much 'known' entities. What we have to do is to learn for ourselves, where to find the information we need, we need to learn to recognize what is right and wrong by the way the machine behaves, and a bunch of other learned skills that are readily available to anyone that puts the time in to find out, and practice. Especially practice.
Nothing separates theory from reality as well as actually applying the skill, and nothing make the skill stronger, than practicing it.
Cheers
Trev