Looking to replace one of my current rifles, a T3X Lite .308, to get into a setup that will be more suitable for longer range shooting and mountain hunting.
In practice, I'd like to shoot 600-700 yards, hunting would probably be a more realistic max around 500 yards. The ideal rifle would be fairly light (6-7lbs bare rifle would be reasonable), I'm not partial to any caliber, really just one that's not going to break the bank to shoot, and is readily available.
In terms of price, it would be ideal if the rifle itself were under $1500, probably $2000 max. I know this will be the limiting factor.
Give me a good reason why a particular caliber would be better than others.