Skyllz, you've got your answer: a resounding yes that a .308 is sufficient for moose at any sane range you care to hunt them in Canada.
My advice to you would be to focus on the rifle instead of the caliber. By this, I mean go out and actually mount the rifle and cycle the action before you buy it. Choose the model that feels best to you; the one that you'll be comfortable carrying and pointing in a hurry when you are cold, tired, and a bit shaky with excitement. Everyone's ergonomics are different, so different models work for different people.
Once you've chosen the rifle, you can settle on the caliber. The standard ones all work almost identically at reasonable ranges: .308, .30-06, .270, 7mm-08, etc.
After you've bought the rifle, practice shooting it -- A LOT. Once you gain a bit of confidence and experience, then try handloading to save costs and give you a better choice of premium bullets. After that, you'll be better off than 95% of the guys out there with big magnums. I'm sure that the rest of the posters will agree with me on this.