I actually read Chuck's stuff, most of which is quite sensible. The OP has omitted a whole bunch of info in his post; check out what Chuck recommends in reality.
I think it might be wise to divide moose cartridges into three categories as follows:
1. All-around cartridges that, although more powerful than strictly necessary for medium size game like deer, are often used on them as well as for larger game like elk and moose. These are powerful general purpose cartridges and they have proven adequate for shooting moose at reasonable distances. While they are not necessarily perfect, they are the minimum recommended moose cartridges. This category includes such cartridges as the .264 Winchester Magnum, .270 Winchester, the .270 Magnums, .280 Remington, the 7mm Magnums, .308 Winchester, .30-06 Springfield, .303 British and 8x57JS.
2. Short to medium range (100-200 yard) moose cartridges. These medium and big bore cartridges strike a solid blow as long as the range is not excessive. Examples are the .338 Marlin Express, .338 Federal, .338-06, .348 Winchester, .358 Winchester, .35 Whelen, .350 Rem. Magnum, 9.3x62mm, 9.3x74R, .405 Winchester, .444 Marlin, .450 Marlin and .45-70 Government.
3. Long range moose cartridges. These cartridges offer the power and trajectory for 200+ yard shots. These are good cartridges to consider if you are buying a rifle specifically for moose hunting and don't mind substantial recoil and muzzle blast. Their principle drawback is that most shooters do mind the recoil and muzzle blast and simply cannot do their best shooting with these cartridges. For relatively long range moose shooting, the list includes the various .300 Magnums, 8x68S, 8mm Rem. Magnum, the .338 Magnums, .358 Norma Magnum and 9.3x64. Most of the .375 Magnums could also be included in this category, but such powerful cartridges are simply not necessary.
Bullet placement is the most important factor in killing power.
Chuck goes on to say that one reason the all-around cartridges work so well is because so many hunters can shoot them well. And he also opines that in a perfect world where everyone could shoot big boomers well, .338 Mags might be even better....but we can't all shoot like that.
A Mosin is lots of moose rifle for your purposes for sure.