I have fooled around with SKS buffers more than most. I have not yet tried the gas tube hole trick.
Just after discharge, the piston in the gas tube pushes the bolt for the first 1" of travel and then bottoms out, after that, the piston has not effect on it.
Drilling holes in the gas tube then, will reduce the amount of force the piston can impart, since you are bleeding off additional pressure and reducing the bolt's rearward velocity.
The risk in doing this is as already mentioned, reduced reliability with certain ammo and weather conditions. By changing the bolt velocity, you will be changing the timing of the action (making it slower to cycle I suppose).
So now the bolt is traveling backward at a certain velocity and will impact the bolt stop with metal to metal contact.
During this time, the bolt is slowed down by friction (minimal) and recoil spring. If you watch the slow motion videos on youtube, a stock sks bolt does not slow down significantly due to these forces.
By adding the blackjack style buffer, you spread out the impact period from instantaneous to about 1mm of travel with the blackjack style buffer as the urethane compresses.
This will reduce the shock seen by any optics you have mounted on either the dust cover or more preferably, the choate style scope mount. Basically, the bolt is a hammer and the action is the anvil. I certainly would not put a cheap scope on an sks without a buffer like this.
FWIW, I know of another design of urethane buffer that increases the compression distances to approximately 3mm.
Now again, by introducing the buffer, you are changing the timing of the action. That is why the blackjack style buffer only puts a small length of urethane in between the bolt and action. If there was too much urethane to compress, you would start to experience more jams, etc.
The type of buffer shown in the OP is one that does not prevent metal to metal contact between the bolt and action ( and the high shock force), as it sits between the recoil spring and dust cover. It does center the spring in the dust cover which has been claimed to improve accuracy due to better repeatability. It also increases the spring force on the bolt slightly.