Reloading basics
Step #1
Read the front of the reloading manual
Step #2
Pick your bullet and powder and START at the recommended starting load and work up.
Inspect each case as it is fired and examine the primer (read the primer) for pressures signs.
At the starting load the primers will be protruding from the rear of the case and as you work up in charge weight and chamber pressure you will see the primers gradually become even with the base of the case. From this point on you watch the primers more carefully for signs of excess pressure meaning the primers getting flatter.
Below exaggerated sign of excess pressure when the base of the case expands more than a few thousandths.
Below, the red and yellow areas are high stress areas that can stretch depending on how much pressure and clearance you have between the rear of the case and the bolt face (head clearance).
Also watch the primer back out of the primer pocket below and then watch the case stretch to meet the bolt face.
Learn how to adjust your full length dies for proper "shoulder bump", .001 to .002 for bolt action rifles and .003 to .004 for semi-autos (M1, M1A, AR15)
Get a set of vernier calipers and the Hornady cartridge case headspace gauges and and your set.
Hornady Lock-N-Load Headspace Gauge Tool - Hornady Lock-N-Load Headspacetool Set W/Bushings
http://www.amazon.com/Hornady-Lock-N-Load-Headspace-Gauge-Tool/dp/B004GB9P2S/ref=sr_1_3?ie=UTF8&qid=1364592943&sr=8-3&keywords=hornady+headspace+gauge
Hornady Headspace Gauge
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P-UrMTyJ1_E