First off, I have read that there are special skeet guns and that they and trap shotguns are different from regular shotguns. Something about the sights I believe. Is this a critical difference or will any shotgun do? As my wife is also interested I am thinking of getting a 20 gauge. If I will need a special type of shotgun, what is the price range I am looking at, used or new? Thanking you in advance for any assistance.
Any shotgun can be used to shoot Clay Targets, but there are types specifically made for the different shotgun games.
Skeet guns tend to have barrels in the 28-30" range (on an O/U) and Trap guns tend to be longer (in the 30-34" range - on an O/U). This is because with skeet you are making much larger movements with the gun and a shorter barrel is thought to be more lively and easier to swing. Trap has relatively smaller movements and the targets are generally broken further away, so you have a longer barrel to smooth out your movements and have a longer sighting plane.
The biggest difference is that a true Trap gun will pattern a 70/30 split on the sight picture, while a skeet gun is generally flat shooting (50/50)
Meaning that if you aimed a trap gun at a stationary target and fired, roughly 70% of the pellets would strike above the point of aim and 30% below (50%/50% for the skeet gun)
This is because all trap targets are rising targets; it makes sense for the gun to pattern this way.
So its not so much the sights, as how the gun is set up to pattern... However that will depend on how the gun fits you (or doesn't)
With your background in rifle shooting - shotgunning is quite different. With the rifle you either have a scope or front & rear iron sights. With a shotgun, you only have the front sight. Your eye is the rear sight, so it needs to be properly aligned.
The info below is from a gentlemen named Rollin Oswald - an expert on stock fit.
New shooters and those who are just getting into competitive shooting are usually unaware of both the importance of gun-fit and how to determine just how well various guns actually fit them, especially if no test firing is involved.
"Fit" describes how well the five basic stock dimensions (length of pull, cast, pitch and drops at the comb and heel) match the shooting style, size, and shape of the shooter.
Manufacturers choose the stock dimensions during the design of their guns to fit as many shooters as possible. They come close only about half the time. (Shooters come in too many shapes and sizes for one set of stock dimensions to fit more than half of us.)
Stock fit determines how well a shooter will ever be able to shoot a gun even with years of practice, the amount of felt recoil that will be experienced, and if the shooter will ever be able to shoot up to his or her highest potential.
Following are a few tips that will help you find a gun with stock dimensions (They vary from gun to gun.) that come closest to the ones that you need to shoot well.
When the gun is mounted with the eyes closed and with firm pressure by the cheek on the comb, opening them should allow looking down the center of the rib and seeing the amount of top surface that will allow the gun to shoot at a height you desire. Usually, that means that very little of the top surface of the rib is visable but that varies with what the gun will be used for.
The combs on some guns are parallel with the barrel (common on trap guns) and some rise in the front. The popularity of parallel combs is growing because the cheek can be placed anywhere along it without changing the height of the eye relative to the rib.
When mounting the gun, the entire recoil pad should make contact with your shoulder at the same time; the bottom of the pad (toe) should not make contact well before the top (heel.)
The stock should be long enough to allow placing the cheek far enough forward on the comb to be comfortable and still have the eye at the proper height, at or just above the rib.
In this position with the gun mounted, there should be between an inch-and-a-quarter and and an inch-and-a-half between your nose and your trigger-hand thumb.
As was mentioned, the neck should feel no strain and should not feel scrunched too far back on the comb.
Your head should be turned toward and leaned onto the comb as little as possible to align the eye with the center of the rib.
Although the list is incomplete, it will offer an indication of how well the stock's dimensions fit your size and shape. Although all stock dimensions can be changed either by yourself of better yet, by a good stock fitter it is best to avoid the extra expense when possible.
If you are new to shotgunning and intend to do this as a shared hobby with your wife, I would recommend finding a used gas operated semi-auto 20 gauge as your first gun (if you both want to use it).
The recoil will be negligible, and its a more affordable option than an Over Under. You could use a pump, but then you will have to become accustomed to quickly racking the slide for your 2nd shot whenever shooting doubles.
Something like a used 20 Gauge beretta 391 would be perfect. Or a Beretta A400 series gun. A little more affordable, would be a Browning Silver. I would expect to find these for $1100 - $1400 Used.
If recoil sensitivity isn't an issue a 12 gauge semi-auto would work as well. Then you could also be looking at something like a Browning Maxus, Remington VersaMax, Winchester Super X, etc.
Most any shotgun can shoot Clays, they just get fancier, more specific and more expensive the more specialized you want them to be.
Best of luck with your search and have a great time. Oh and watch out... its addicting. I used to shoot stationary targets until I picked up a shotgun...