30-06.....
The 30-06 is undeniably the most versatile "1 Hunting Gun" cartridge ever produced. 110gr to 220gr bullets.
As for the make and model of a rifle?,...well,...everybody has their tastes and preferences,....but IMO the Browning X-Bolt is a very good choice,..they are very accurate, alot more accurate than most shooters are, especially in a hunting environment,..glass bedded,..very good adjustable trigger,..short 60 degree bolt lift,..very smooth action,..detachable rotary magazine that is made of tough polymer that, IMO, for a couple reasons, is better than a steel magazine,..one of the reasons I like the polymer mag is the cartridges slide like butter when chambering,..they won't rust,..the feed lips won't spread over time,..and they won't bend.
Not sure what weather you will hunt in but the Stainless Stalker X-Bolt is very weather resistant and the grippy/rubbery "Duratouch Armour Coat" on the stock is excellent in all weather conditions.
I have a SS X-Bolt in 30-06... it is very well balanced and nice to carry, and only weighs 6.5lbs,...I bought it to use when the weather was bad but I like it enough that I carry/use it more than any of my rifles no matter what the weather is.