I think there is a lot of confusing information given out about recoil and rifle power. Some will say a 308 has much less recoil than a 30-06. Ask them how the two calibres compare in power and they will tell you they are so close to being the same, that you won't notice any difference!
Come on now, you can't have it both ways.
We hear all the time about the 270 "kicking" far less than a 30-06. I have used the two calibres for years, but I haven't got that figured out yet.
To my amateur mind, the rifle recoils back in a direct relationship with the power the bullet has as it leaves the muzzle. Look at foot pounds of energy between the 270 and the 30-06. Note that a 130 grain bullet in the 270 going 3200 fps is about identical to a 30-06, 180 grain bullet at 2700 fps.
The same applies to different weight bullets in the same calibre. We are forever hearing that for lighter recoil, use lighter bullets. This would be true if the bullets all travelled at the same speed, but of course the lighter bullets are always faster, thus having about the same energy and recoil.
The shape of the stock of the rifle has more to do with FELT recoil, than most people realize.
Also, why do rifles appear to recoil less now when we wear ear protection, than they did in the years we target shot without ear protection?
Remember, anything to do with shooting, or ballistics, is not simple, but it is controversial!