The .30/06 is my favorite cartridge. If I could own but a single rifle, it would be chambered for the .30/06. When the .308 is compared, its usually the 150 gr load; the first .30/06 load back in 1906 fired a 150 at 2700, and this is nicely duplicated today with a 20" .308. If you want a carbine sized rifle, the .308 is worth considering, but if you're going to own a full size rifle, it might as well be a .30/06. For the most part, a .30/06 with a 24" 1:10 twist barrel will do everything you can reasonably do with a rifle. I agree with Eagleye though, handloading turns the '06 into a different animal when bullets of 180 grs and heavier are loaded.