What is the rifle for? As a general purpose hunting round, the .35 Whelen is easier to shoot at longer ranges, but as a bear defense cartridge, the .45/70 handloaded to its full potential out performs the two. If you can get a .45/70 a .444 Marlin would seem to serve little purpose, just like the .45/70 would serve little purpose if you could get a .458.
The problem associated with these cartridges is the rifle you intend to use them in. The little H&R rilfle is pretty light, which I assume is its charm. I had an early one in .22 Hornet that was so difficult to shoot due to its heavy trigger, I was seldom able to take advantage of the cartridge's usefulness. In your case, due to the rifle's light weight and poor stock design, recoil will be just terrible, particularly with a .45/70 loaded with 500 gr hard cast WFN bullets at 1850 fps. That is not the load for a 5 pound rifle, and I frankly would be concerned about the cheap hinged action, and non-bushed firing pin taking the heat. As a survival gun to carry disassembled in a pack, none of those cartridges would be my first choice, but the little H&R rifle would shine in that role.
Dare I suggest you consider a Ruger #1? While a #1 has its disadvantages, this rifle is fully capable when chambered for the most powerful rimmed or rimless sporting cartridges ever to drop off a drafting table, and there is enough weight there to make shooting them survivable. The triggers are usually pretty good, and accuracy is well within the acceptable limits if my .416 Rigby was typical.