I have taken 2 dozen elk over the years, and 20 of these I recorded data on:10 different cartridges and a crossbow; 30% with non magnums
Various terrain types; thick brush to large open fields
Some were rifle I had at the time, some were rifle I chose to hunt that season with, others were just the rifle I chose to hunt with that day. There were some where I was primarily hunting other game or with another weapon and used what I had on hand when the opportunity presented itself.
270 Wby @ 100 yards
7mm Rem Mag @ 120 yards
6.5x55 @ 370 yards (was out after deer when opportunity for a cow elk presented itself - would not choose this cartridge for elk at this range again)
35 Whelen @ 60 yards
338 Win Mag (2) @ 180 and 5 yards
7MM STW (5) @ 475, 258, 90, 150 and 180 yards
358 Win (3) @ 60, 87 and 90 yards (all back up on archery hunts where couldn't get a shot within bow range)
300 WSM (3) @ 70, 242, and 175 yards
376 Steyr @ 150 yards
Crossbow @ 34 yards
280 Rem @ 120 yards