Were those 180 grain bullets that you used maybe jammed into the lands on that BSA P-17?? If bullet is jammed on chambering, I believe that is like adding several grains of powder - results in higher pressures. Somewhere in pieces here is a BSA conversion - I know I used one BSA P-17 receiver to make up a "wanna be" Rem 30, and I have used a BSA P-14 action on a sporter, but I am not certain if they used the original WWI barrels, or if they always made and installed new barrels for their conversions.
No, I used the two stick method. Dowels really. One stick pushing, the barrel one getting knife marks. A caliper to measure. Calipers are considered +/- .005" by machinists.
I like the P-12/13 series of rifles. I have a C Broad Arrow P-17 sporter in 308 Norma, it has the original barrel,but as a 30-06 had headspace issues. A BSA P-17 sporter rebarreled 358Norma long neck, a P-14 Winchester sporter. At a gunshow "Some sort of Mauser in 303." That's a fun rifle, it has a Parker Hale iron sights and Boyds 2nd stock reshaped English stalking pattern. Or least my idea of it. Plus the Canoe Rifle. BTW P-17 is the correct Canadian designation . The great C.D. Howe used it in correspondence.