According to my info. the action is a 1912 Oberndorf commercial, going by the bottom metal and the proper ser. #s in the right places - underside action flat and back of cartridge box. Not all Oberndorfs were marked on the side but even the commercial receivers were in military configuartion. Except for some PM info. most of the info. is on the NE site - I don't want to repeat myself. I personally have no problem, should someone wishes to do so, bring the whole exchange over here. --- John303.