I gotta ask, for those saying map and compass above all else, most posting don’t live in country with sightable landmarks from the ground when in the bush.
How are you using your compass? Just a straight out and reciprocal track only? That’s sure not very practical for hunting or Canadian bush. What map exactly, and scale are you taking afield, bringing a protractor or dividers, and pencil? Know what to do with your magnetic deviation locally, or how much your rifle throws off the bearing?
The realities of actual navigation by compass would startle most and rapidly separate the armchairs from the oily-hairs. It ain’t easy in the bush to truly navigate by compass even when you know what you’re doing.
I agree with most of what you're saying, but only to a point. Navigation with a compass over longer distances will require what you said in this post. However, when the next road is only a few miles away, things get pretty basic.
My compass training included field trials where we were supposed to come out of heavy cover within ten yards of the objective after traveling 3 miles, while measuring trees, & crossing a swimming deep creek. Most of us failed. But I was within 40 yards, and that's close enough for most hunting applications, when all you want it to get out of the bush.
For a lot of guys, just learning the direction they need to walk to safely reach a roadway, and checking the compass direction they use to walk in is enough. Declination not required for short distances. using this method.
However, when the map comes out, and you want to go from A to B on the map, over a fair distance, you best Know the CURRENT declination for your area, or you could be way off.
As you pointed out, it can be challenging finding a landmark on the ground. However you can maintain a reasonably straight line using the tallest tree you can see that's along your line of travel. Just don't wander through the bush staring at the compass! Can't see very far ahead? Use the furthest tree/rock/hilltop you can see on your line, and walk to it even if it's only a few yards ahead. It introduces more chance of error when you use close distance, but sometimes you have no choice.
Me, I carry a GPS, but use a compass pretty much all the time. It's faster when doing short distances and that's what I do now. Nothing more than 3-5 miles.
Study the map, LEARN your hunting area. Don't be that guy that carries a compass because it will save his life, but has no idea what direction to walk when he needs it. One night at the old hunt camp I surveyed the guys. Only one other guy knew the directions needed to get out from each of our hunting areas. Did they then learn? Nope! City guys, fully dependent on the couple of guys that did the walking to get them out if they got in trouble.
I suspect for a lot of GPS owners the same is true. Probably don't even have waypoints marked to guide them out, or how to project one to a spot they want to go.