Sorry to say but the 308 is ballistically challenged compared to other cartridges and cals. I would want as much muzzle velocity as possible so would get a 26" barrel if it did not hinder portability.
The differences in harmonics due to barrel length is pretty academic in a production rifle. There are simply way more variables that can affect accuracy at this level of gun. Most will reload anyways so tuning becomes a load tweak.
For a hunting rifle, I lean towards the shorter barrel as I hate to drag a long pipe through the woods and a shot beyond 350yds is rare anyways. For a range rifle, longer better. I want to cheat that wind as much as possible and 200fps makes a huge difference at extended distance. An extra minute of wind drift is a couple of scoring rings at 600yds. Oops, misjudged the wind - you loose.
Remember that many 308 bullets can hit the transonic range at 800 to 1000yds if muzzle velocity is too low. Accuracy can go for a dump if that happens. The cartridge is marginal (depending on bullet) when going full tilt, why hinder it anymore?
If you haven't bought the rifle yet, consider the 243 and 7RM and 25-06. Too bad they don't make a 7-08.
Jerry