Hamster Tipper,
there are a few variables that will decide how long a barrel will last.
first of all, it is not the barrel itself that you burn out, but rather the throat of your chamber that you errode.
excessive throat errosion will cause excessive run-out in the throat of the chamber and this will lead to poor accuracy.
so...the rate of throat errosion is dictated by how over bore your cartridge is(how much burning powder you are trying to force through what size hole).
.30-338 is an extreme over-bore cartridge, .35 Whelen not so much.
i have heard of people blowin' out the throat of their .204 Ruger in as little as 900 rds.
so i believe that an expectation of 5,000 to 10,000 rds. is not reasonable.
i shoot a great deal of .22-250 and .223, i shoot mostly coyotes and do not ever need to shoot my rifles hot and dirty as a person who is say shooting prairie dogs in Montana might have to because of the sheer volume of targets.
so the conditions under which you shoot your rifle will also dictate how long your barrel/throat lasts.
i have the opportunity to pull a bore-snake through my barrel between coyotes and 99% of the time i am shooting a cold barrel once. the prairie dog shooter may shoot 30-100 dogs before he stops to clean or simply switches rifles, his bore in the exact same rifle is not going to last as long as mine.
from my .22-250 i expect 1500-2000 rds. before i am looking to re-barrel or simply have the chamber re-cut and turned back. eg. a .22-250 with a 24" barrel can be re-chambered as a .223 with a 22" barrel.
from my .223 i expect 3000-3500 rds before i look to re-do the barrel/chamber.
the final thing is to what degree are you willing to let the accuracy of your rifle degrade before it bothers you? if 2" at a 100yds is okay then you'll get way more mileage out of your rifles than i will.
i sincerely hope that this has been helpful.
good luck and good shooting,
i.