Wolf Identification, Prepared by Patricia A. Tucker, Daniel L. Davis, and Robert R. Ream
The wolf's stride length at a trot is generally more than that of other species with similar tracks. Stride is the distance from one footprint in a trail to the next footprint made by the same foot, and is usually the measurement found in track identification books. WEP has found that measurement of intergroup distance is easier and less subject to error than measurement of stride. Intergroup distance is the distance from one print to the next (fig. 11). Several intergroup distance measurements should be taken to determine an average.
A wolf's front feet are larger than its hind feet, and the toes spread more. The hind foot often lands in the print made by the front foot on the same side.
Wolf tracks are similar in shape to coyote and dog tracks (figs. 12-16) The track of a wolf is considerably larger than a coyote's, but tracks of some breeds of dogs overlap those of a wolf. Harris and Ream (1983) developed a method to aid in distinguishing between those dog breeds and wolf tracks. This method relies on measurements intergroup distance made from casts of undistorted tracks. See Harris and Ream (1983) for necessary measurements. The authors caution that this method should not be used in isolation, but in conjunction with other relevant information such as length of stride and track pattern. They also suggest that only tracks greater than 4 inches (11 cm) long be subjected to this method (Harris, pers. commun. ). Tracks less than this length may be assumed to be dogs or coyotes. Only a few breeds of dogs such as Great Danes, St. Bernards and blood hounds leave tracks longer than 4 inches, and the method can be used to eliminate these breeds. The tracks of German shepherds, malamutes, retrievers and setters are usually less than 4 inches long.