the real world results with hand-loaded ammo varies significantly to the point where those published velocity figures on the Hodgden site are out to lunch.
The 6.5-284 is a highly overbore cartridge with an overbore index of over 1200. This is derived from case capacity to case mouth opening. One can expect the accurate life of a 6.5-284 to be enywhere from 700 to 1000 rounds. It is a very accurrate cartridge with a long pedigree of long-distance wins, but it is as bad as a magnum for barrel burning.
The 6.5 Swede uses less powder and manages to nearly equal the velocities of a 6.5-284 by its more efficient design. The result is a roughly 50% better barrel life. The old Mausers that were using this cartridge did not benefit from the high energy powders that we have today, and as such many of the old 6.5's are not strong enough to withstand a high-pressure loading, and as such factory ammo tends to be moderately "de-tuned". The ammo is still highly potent, but the fact that is is not loaded to red-line means they barrel life is actually better than the raw data would suggest.
To answer your questions regarding useful barrel life:
308 - 6000 to 10,000 hunting accurate rounds
6.5X55 2000 - 4000 hunting accurate rounds
270 WSM Done at 600-1000
300 WSM 1500+ hunting accurate rounds
Hunting accurate means they will hold "Minute of Deer Heart" at 100 yards. Remember that a gun used strictly fo larger game will typically shoot a handful of rounds per year, so even a 270 WSM will last a lifetime if used in this role.
Varmint hunters and coyote hunters shoot way more than that, so barrel life will be a bigger issue. Also when using the type of light bullets preferred for varmint hunting (85 grains is VERY light for a 6.5!!) the amount of powder used goes up... barrel life goes down.