Cam, funning you a bit. Pretty much all modern actions excluding the Ruger 77 are magnum length actions. You can put a block in the rear of the mag well and call it 30-06 length, but the action is capable of taking the full length cartridges. M70, M700, Savage, you name it.
Re why not the STW, as Rick N intimated it comes down to among other things throating. The STW is a tight fit in the normal actions. The 300 Win case (ala Mashburn) provides a longer neck which allows seating depths with different bullet weights/lengths out to the leade assuming an intelligent throat on the reamer.
The Mashburn comes within 50-75 fps of the STW, but does it in a 24" barrel with a fair bit less powder. This isn't about the fastest, it's about what a few people have decided to be the best design when capacity, potential velocity, barrel length, barrel life and accuracy tractability are considered.