http://www.ar15.com/forums/t_8_35/453290_Gas_Piston_vs_Direct_Impingement.html
There's lots and lots of information, hissy fits, and drama about pistons vs DI over on AR15.com
In the real world, on a DI system(or whatever it is since apparently it's not actually direct impingment) the gasses travel through the gas port and gas tube and press against the gas key and that pushes the bolt carrier rearward.
On a piston gun the gasses travel through the gas port and presses against the piston which in turn presses against the gas key and that pushes the bolt carrier rearward. Compared to a DI gun, this will supposedly keep the bolt carrier cleaner and cooler. However, that fouling and that heat comes from your ammo, so if you're using the same ammo you're going to get the same fouling it is just going to be in different spots with a piston gun. Compare the boots worn by an infantryman and a pilot, the pilot's boots are going to stay cleaner, but that doesn't change the fact that the ground is dirty, and it doesn't mean the pilot's boots are somehow better.
To my mind any test of a piston gun vs DI gun that only looks at the bolt carrier is inherently flawed. If the test of a piston gun does not inspect the piston as part of the test it is an incomplete test.
The way I personally understand it, which may be flawed, is that pistons are best for supressed rifles, and maybe for underwater shooting. Which means that essentially for us the difference is marginal at best and largely dependent on other factors such as overall manufacturer quality control and assembly quality control. Supposedly piston guns also tend to be a little heavier due to the weight of the piston and tube. I've held both and couldn't tell the difference, but that's just at the gun counter, maybe I'd change my opinion if I had to carry it for a few hours.
Last I checked, guys like Kevin B, who works for Knights Armament, say that the only piston AR worth getting is the HK416. When a company repesentative recommends a rival's product over their own that means something to me.
Ultimately, a gun just being DI does not make it inherently any better or worse than a gun that is piston.