Sure - As a rule of thumb, the hotter the calibre, the flatter the primer. Which takes the discussion back to the point - its very difficult for a reloader to determine when they have reached max load pressures for a given rifle. Testing labs do have access to equipment that allows them to determine chamber pressure, I suppose an amateur reloader could go this route, if desired.
Otherwise, your chrony gives you the best evidence. Even then, shooting the same load in two different rifles can yield substantially different velocities due to barrel friction etc. Are the rifles running at the same pressure level?