the first thing is to DOWNLOAD FM 23-8- the field manual- at least as a supplement to the "issued" owners manual unless you are trained on the rifle- and then understand it- turn it upside down and listen for the piston klunk, dry fire it , feel the trigger, etc- get to know it intimately BEFORE firing it-ALWAYS FEED IT FROM THE MAGAZINE( WHICH ISN'T MENTIONED ANYWHERE in the manuals- it's just assumed since it says in step one- insert a FRESH MAGAZINE- ) AND DEGREASE IT PROPERLY-