Here is a reply from CDXfire, who has been shooting matches with cast bullets in K31s longer than I've know they existed.
"Depending on what the intended charge of 2400 was, a double charge could likely cause that much damage without any other contributing factors. A double charge with insufficient clearance for the case neck to expand and release the bullet is a sure guarantee for disaster. (hindsight is always 20-20).
When I was a kid, my local dealer had the pieces of a 7x57 Mauser that had self-destructed with a double charge of 2400. It looked like a low-number Sprinfield failure. (Gee, does that mean that I should hang all of my Mausers on the wall and never fire them again??)
The reason(s) that I settled on 15 grains of 2400 behind the Ideal 311291 in 30-06 is that the old Lyman manual that I had at the time listed the maximum charge for that combination as 30 grains; thus I reasoned that a double charge should not damage anything. (And I don't have to move the small poise on the scale arm. I am inherently lazy) The newer Lyman manual shows the maximum charge for that combination as 29.5 grains with a pressure of 43,100 CUP. OTH, if I was loading 20 grains and double charged; 40 grains would probably be a bomb.
My favorite (and very accurate) cast load for the K31 is the Lee C312-155-2R with 14 grains of 2400, bullet sized to .308 or .309, depending on which rifle it is going in. Again, I theorized that a double charge would not do damage, but I am not anxious to test that theory. 2400 is a great powder, but the high nitroglycerine content will push the pressure spikes very high very, very fast near "the top end".
Resp'y,
Bob S.