Powder degeneration?

Rick65Cat

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I`ve read posts about old ammo being questionably safe to fire. My question is, Can powder lose its potency left in an unfired factory shell.
I took my 6.5x55 swedish mauser out today and was within 3" of POA at 50 yrds. At 100 yrds the thing shot consistantly 10" to 11" low.
The ammo I was using was Yugoslavian 139Gr. soft point. About 21 yrs old. The brass looked normal, no fuzz or mold on it.
When I last fired the gun back in `91 at a range it shot fine at 100 yrds with the same ammo.
Thoughts?
 
Most propellants are manufactured using various solvents during the process. Propellants are basicly a "collection of chemicals" assembled for the purpose of a specific end result. Chemicals deteriorate generally from day one, an example would be the sharp acidic smell that you get when you open an air tight box of ammunition. That is the exudation of the solvents used in the manufacturing process.

The propellant used in small arms ammunition is designed to maintain its ballistic properties in excess of 25 years. Many things contribute to the degredation of propellant, for example light, temperature, humidity, etc. Thats why you are told to store your ammunition in a cool dry place. If you have stored modern factory ammunition properly, it should be good for at least 60-75 years. Mind you accuracy will suck but it will at least go "bang" safely.
 
It likely has more to do with eyes that are 16 years older than with powder degeneration. The shift of 10"-11" could also have something to do with the mositure content of the stock over the last 16 years.
 
The only powder likely to degenerate might be military surplus WWII and before. Reason is that I believe nitric acid residues were not washed out of it as completely as for modern ammo. Much of the surplus powder was stored underwater and later reprocessed as IMR for improved military surplus and this new powder would be just as stable as anything more modern.
I have had shells which corroded through from the inside either from the powder or from the primers and had occasional .303 surplus that hung fire and shot with less power but we are talking 60 years or more combined with an earlier technology.

cheers mooncoon
 
It likely has more to do with eyes that are 16 years older than with powder degeneration. The shift of 10"-11" could also have something to do with the mositure content of the stock over the last 16 years.

Interesting..the stock thing that is. I was using a rifle holder with a 3x9x40 Burris scope so that takes the eyes out of the equation :p
I've always stored my guns in the basement in an unlined metal gun cabinet.
Alberta has pretty low humidity levels, and the humidifier on my furnace is buggered so real low humidity in the home
 
Humidity affects the air density (and therefore the trajectory), the burn rate of the powder as well as having an effect on the moisture content of the stock in a rifle with a wooden stock, leading to inconsistency of the rifle components during times of change.
 
All of the above can be and most likely are the cause of your rifles performance. You say it's scope mounted with a 3-9 Burris. Does this indicate that the stock has been cut as well, or that a replacement stock was installed? Before or after its last fireing?

Any rifle left sitting for 16 years is more likely to change its point of impact than not. To expect it to stay the same is like expecting to win the lottery. If it was stored on its butt, it will definitely change somewhere. The scope is probably OK, those older Burris models were great. Now one thing that can and does happen, is with time the tension on the mount screw threads will cause slight stretching, therefore loosening the mounts. I know, not very much, but it does happen and more than is realised.

The bedding screws may have caused the stock to collapse slightly, if not pillar bedded, etc.

Take the rifle apart and reset all of the screws on the scope mount and stock bolts. Clean out all of the oil from the bedding and clean the bore. Check the barrel channel for contact points and remove with light sanding. That should clear up most of your problems.

Oh, by the way, that dry Alberta air may have also caused some stock shrinkage. The above should also take that in stride as well.

Just an add on on the original theme. About 1978, I bought 50 lbs of #44 powder, swedish bofors surplus meant for the 6.5x55, from Century International, damn I miss that company.

I stored the powder in the freezer, useing it up as needed over the years. It closely approximated IMR 3031, so it was very useful for a wide range of cartridges. All went well until 4 years ago. All of a sudden, my Mod 70, 257 Roberts, featherweight was grouping into 30-40 inches at 100 yds. Now this rifle was noted for sub MOA groups with 87gr Remington bullets.

I hadn't cleaned it after the last shoot, so there was about a 3 month interval before it was used again. Upon close inspection, the bore looked like someone had gotten inside and and peened it with a ballpeen hammer, the bbl was trashed. Big mystery, lots of crying on my part.

Couldn't figure it out until a friend had the same problem, it turned out that the only thing the rifles had in common was the powder we used.

I pulled the bullets from the 257 Rob round that were loaded and found the powder was rusty and smelly and the brass and bullet base were pitted. Then I went back to the stored powder. Even in the freezer, the remaining powder was starting to show signs of rusty powder and had a strong odor when thawed out.

I called my bud to tell him what I had found and darned if he didn't have the same problem. We burned all of the remaining powder, not much of a loss at $2/lb. In my buds case he hadn't stored the powder in a freezer, but under dry, controled conditions. The metal shelves over the original cans, were covered in rust and the inside of the cans were also covered in rust.

Powder can and will go bad, even under loaded and ideal conditions.

We also had some problems with some Portuguese 7.62x51 Reformado (reloads) FMJ from Districorps, who to their credit, recalled the whole batch and either replaced it with other ammo or paid for it and the shipping, both ways.
 
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