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There is also the real possibility of Operator error. The Savage Mark II bolt has TWO different pieces in it that are used when a case is extracted. These are the RIGHT and LEFT extractor parts. The RIGHT one has a HOOK on it, while the LEFT one has a more rounded "hook." Both help to pull the empty case backwards but when the mouth of the empty case exits the chamber, the left extractor lets it go around the rounded "hook" while the right side, still holding the rim, pulls the case to the right ejecting it.
When people take the bolt head apart, they sometimes get these two ejectors mixed up, and the case does not extract or eject.
Also, with mass produced stamped parts, there is sometimes a bit of a burr left on the part from stamping it out. Check for a burr on the extractors and the firing pin. A couple of minutes with a small pocket hone or stone will give much more reliable functioning.
Does the LIVE cartridge come back with the bolt when it is chambered and NOT fired? EVEN part way, say 1/4 inch or so? There can be several causes of a failure to extract, so it is better to provide more information as to just WHAT is happening, and WHERE it is happening, and WHEN it is happening. In this I mean if you were to load a live round from the magazine as the rifle is designed to do, then SLOWLY open the bolt and SLOWLY pull the bolt back, does the live cartridge come back with the bolt and eject, or does it stay in the chamber? Then, try this on the range and fire one cartridge, going through the same procedure. Then, try it with a different brand of cartridges. It is a process of elimination.
If it does not extract a live cartridge, then check the extractors as outlined to see that they are in the proper places. If they are, then it is possible that (1) there is dirt in the extractor groove in the barrel not allowing the extractor grip the rim, (1) the hook on the extractor is broken, or (3) there is not enough space between the inside grabbing part of the extractor and the bolt face. For the last (3) situation, it might be a burr on the extractor, or if not enough clearance, a few strokes with a fine tooth file will probably cure it. Be careful and only do about 3 strokes and try it -- it does not take much. More of a polish than metal removal.
If it does EXTRACT the live cartridge, but does not EJECT it, then the extractors are probably reversed with the rounded one on the right side of the bolt and the hooked one on the left side keeping the cartridge either on the bolt or weakly dropping it to the bottom of the receiver.
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