It is one thing to rip the rim off a stuck case.
It is an entirely different thing to rip the head off.
I don't understand how the OP ripped the head off.
But if there is nothing left to grab, removing the remainder of the case can be a challenge.
The trick is to do it without scratching or scoring the die.
I've had it happen when I wasn't paying enough attention to the brass, before inserting it into the resizing die.
Usually incipient case head separation is quite visible.
If the OP didn't notice the dull stretch ring or didn't know what he was seeing, that's how the whole head gets ripped off, even with proper lube.
Sounds like he may have been a bit stingy on lube???