Been doing it for a few years using a homemade annealer which was ok but never got real confidence. Always used temp crayons.
Just purchased a Bench Source annealer which is a pricey unit but WOW, does this device work well. What it confirmed was that temp and visual change ARE NOT RELATED.
The only real way to know what the temp reached is with a indicator like Templiac or similar temp changing indicators (I prefer crayons that flash off). Using the discoloration on the case body is not good as it can vary from brand to brand.
Some cases change colour dramatically, some you can't really tell they were ever annealed but both experienced the same peak temp and duration.
You can't just go by time in flame either as alloys vary so time needed to reach proper temper will vary from brand to brand and even lot to lot. I have one brand of brass that is taking approx. 4.5secs. Another a full second longer.
The flame temp is so high that it takes a fraction of a second to go too hot. When you use a proper annealing machine, you can control that exposure to a tenth of a second.
If you feel that annealing should be a part of your loading regiment, do it right cause it is very easy to do it wrong and that can lead to a whole world of headaches as you chase varying neck tension.
Jerry